gapminder dataset:

# country codes in gapminder::country_codes

gapminder_codes <- gapminder::country_codes

# countries with info in gapminder::gapminder_unfiltered

gapminder <-gapminder::gapminder_unfiltered

# We join both datasets with inner_join to get a dataset with the info by country, continent and country-code

gapminder <- gapminder %>%
  inner_join(gapminder_codes, by= "country") %>%
  mutate(code = iso_alpha)

# A map of the world (Antarctica removed)

world <- map_data("world") %>%
  filter(region != "Antarctica")


gapminder_data <- gapminder %>%
  inner_join(maps::iso3166 %>%
               select(a3, mapname), by= c(code = "a3")) %>%
  mutate(mapname = str_remove(mapname, "\\(.*"))

datatable(gapminder_data)

Meteorites dataset

meteoritos <- readr::read_csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rfordatascience/tidytuesday/master/data/2019/2019-06-11/meteorites.csv")

datatable(meteoritos)

Animated choropleth maps

In this ocassion we will select only four years (1992, 1997, 2002, 2007) and the {viridis} package.

mapa_animado_4 <- gapminder_data %>%
 filter(year %in% c(1992, 1997, 2002, 2007)) %>%
  right_join(world, by= c(mapname = "region")) %>%
  ggplot(aes(long, lat, 
             group= group, 
             fill= lifeExp)) +
  geom_polygon(color = "white", 
               size = 0.01) +
  theme_void() +
  scale_fill_viridis(option = "B",
                     name= "Years",
                     guide = guide_colorbar(
                       direction = "horizontal",
                       barheight = unit(2, units = "mm"),
                       barwidth = unit(100, units = "mm"),
                       draw.ulim = FALSE,
                       title.position = "top",
                       title.hjust = 0.5,
                       title.vjust = 0.5 )) +
  labs(title="Life Expectancy",
       subtitle = "{current_frame}",
       caption = "Source: gapminder.org")  +
  theme(
    plot.title = element_text(size = 12, hjust = 0.5),
    plot.subtitle = element_text(size = 10, hjust = 0.5),
    plot.caption = element_text(size = 8, hjust = 1),
    legend.position = "bottom") +
  coord_fixed (ratio = 1.3) +
  transition_manual(year)


animate(mapa_animado_4, 
        fps = 10, 
        height = 500, 
        width = 700)

Animated maps using geographic coordinates

Meteorite falls, also called observed falls, are those meteorites collected after their fall from space was observed by automated devices or by people. In the dataset those meteorites are called fell and we will only work with those ones in our graphs. There are 1107 documented falls in our dataset although, as the Meteoritical Bulletin Database indicates, the number of confirmed falls has increased since then.

In the first example we want to indicate the locations of the meteorites falls on a map by year. The argument nframes indicates the number of frames to render (the default is 100), and fps makes reference to the framerate of the animation or frames per second (the default is 10).

options(scipen = 999) 

meteoritos_Mundo <- meteoritos %>%
  filter(fall == "Fell") %>%
  filter(year > 1800) %>%
  drop_na() %>%
  arrange(mass)



mapa_animado <- world %>%
  ggplot() +
  geom_polygon(aes( x= long, y = lat, group = group),
               fill = "grey20",
               color = "white",
               size = 0.1) +
  geom_point(data= meteoritos_Mundo, 
             x = meteoritos_Mundo$long, 
             y = meteoritos_Mundo$lat,
             color = "orange",
             alpha = 0.7,
             size = 0.2) +
  transition_states(year,
                    transition_length = 1, 
                    state_length = 1) +
  shadow_mark(past = TRUE) +
  labs( title = "Meteorite Falls \n Year :{closest_state}",
        caption = "The Meteoritical Society") +
  theme_map() +
  theme(plot.title = element_text(size = 10, hjust = 0.5),
    plot.subtitle = element_text(size = 8, hjust = 0.5),
    plot.caption = element_text(size = 6, hjust = 1))


animate(mapa_animado, 
        fps = 15, 
        nframes = 350,
        height = 500, 
        width = 700, 
        res = 150)

In the next example we also want to show the locations of the meteorites falls on a map, but in this ocassion we will enter the enter and exit functions in order to modify the state of appearing and disappearing data. We will use the functions enter_fade() and exit_shrink() to modify the entrance and exit animations but you can even create you own animation using the enter_manual() and exit_manual() functions.

mapa_animado_3 <- world %>%
  ggplot() +
  geom_polygon(aes( x= long, y = lat, group = group),
               fill = "grey20",
               color = "white",
               size = 0.01) +
  geom_point(data= meteoritos_Mundo, 
             aes(x = long, 
                 y = lat, 
                 size = mass),
             color = "orange",
             alpha = 0.9) +
  transition_components(year) +
  enter_fade() +
  exit_shrink() +
  ease_aes("sine-in-out") +
  shadow_mark(past = FALSE) +
  labs( title = "Meteorite Landings \n Year :{round(frame_time)}",
        caption = "The Meteoritical Society") +
  theme_map() +
  scale_size_continuous(guide = F) +
  scale_color_discrete(name = "Type") +
  theme(plot.title = element_text(size = 10, hjust = 0.5))

animate(mapa_animado_3, 
        fps = 2, 
        height = 500, 
        width = 700, 
        res = 150)